当东方遇到西方——王文的抽象艺术
王文是一位1985年出生于中国东部城市烟台的当代艺术家,并在此生活和工作。与大多数有趣的艺术家一样,他的画作不仅讲述了其个人创作历程,也描绘了他心中的艺术世界。他近期的创作主要以中国传统书法符号为语言基础,之后尝试转变,并受到杰克逊·波洛克、让·阿尔普、马克·罗斯科等西方艺术家的影响,创作出独特的抽象作品。在绘画的过程中,他的作品反映了全球文化更和谐紧密联系的氛围,同时也明确地从自身的地理历史和传统文化中汲取创作灵感。要充分认识到这一点,需要我们有足够的共同艺术感悟,当我们理解如何捕捉艺术话语以及交流共有的人生体验时,它就能帮助我们达成观点上的一致。
Wang Wen is a contemporary artist who lives andworks in the eastern Chinese city of Yantai, where he was born in 1985. As withmost interesting artists, his paintings speak of his own personal history aswell as that of the larger world around him. They draw predominantly upontraditional Chinese calligraphic characters which he then seeks to develop intoabstract works which reference western artists such as Jackson Pollock, JeanArp and Mark Rothko. In doing so they reflect a sense of global cultures comingcloser together in harmony whilst drawing distinctly from their owngeographical histories and traditions. To recognise this fully it helps us whenwe understand how our desire to capture the spoken word and communicate ourcommon human experience has been with us for as long as we have been consciousenough to form communities.
在中国,第一种记录我们思想、感情和信仰的方法出现在汉代(公元前206年至公元220年左右),随着中国汉字书法的发展而得以实现。在这一时期,书法写于用麻绳缝在一起的丝绸、木条和竹帘上。这些早期的方法提供了记录通信的标准媒介,但昂贵并繁琐。之后到了汉代末期,纸作为一种更经济便携的替代品而发展起来。尽管早在公元前2世纪,中国就有了早期的纸张,但在公元105年,蔡伦(公元50年至公元121年)才制定了标准化的造纸工艺。
In China, the first method which enabled ourthoughts, feelings and beliefs to be recorded was enabled with the developmentof calligraphy during the Han Dynasty (206 BC–220 AD). During this periodcalligraphy was applied to silk, wooden strips and bamboo scrolls which weresewn together with hempen string. These early methods provided the standardmediums for transcribed communication but were either expensive or physicallycumbersome. Then, towards the end of the Han Dynasty paper evolved as a cheaperand more portable alternative. Although early forms of paper had existed inChina since the 2nd century BC, it was the mandarin Cai Lun (50–121 AD)who devised a standardised papermaking process in 105 AD.
尽管竹木基本上适合用于书法,但大量纸张的发明使绘画作为一种艺术形式,与文字书写并驾齐驱的发展。传统的中国绘画技法,基本上采用与书法相同的方法,用画笔蘸黑墨水或彩色颜料进行创作,完成的作品常常安置在卷轴上。中国传统纸张的吸水能力很强,导致吸入的墨水模糊,因此,在书法和绘画的实践中需要高超的技巧。在中国,传统上是从“传统艺术大师”那循序渐进地学习。通过这种方式,艺术家们严格并连续地重复,直到手部动作变得本能且自然,能够完美地引导墨水的流动。
Whilst bamboo and wooden supports were mostlysuitable for calligraphy, the invention of mass produced paper enabled theevolution of painting as an artform alongside the written word. TraditionalChinese painting techniques employ essentially the same methodsas calligraphy, being carried out with a brush dipped in black ink or colouredpigments, with the finished work often being mounted on a scroll. Chinese paperexcels in its ability to absorb water, which causes the ink it draws to blur.As a result, great skill is required in the practice of calligraphy andpainting, which in China is traditionally learned by rote, from a “master”. Inthis way a student learns to copy strictly and continuously until handmovements become instinctive and natural and the flow of ink is perfectlychannelled.
在王文的‘Fierce’(2017)和‘Raise’(2017)等作品中,我们可以清楚地看到他如何从传统艺术大师身上学习中国书法这种符号的表现方式,以及现在如何变革出新的。王文所展示的方法和思想表明,他是如何运用传统的书法符号并“爆发”到承载媒介上。其创作大胆而富有表现力,笔触有力而充满自信,要达到这样的效果需要高超的技艺表现。然而,王文作品中最有趣的是将“个人主义”的西方语言运用到这些传统的中国符号中。他把二十世纪西方艺术的思想和形式运用到东方传统书法中,使两种思想触发焦点——首先,书法文字本身就是抽象符号;其次,绘画是个人情感的抽象表达。
In works such as ‘Fierce’ (2017) and ‘Raise’ (2017) byWang Wen, we see clearly how he has learnt Chinese calligraphic techniques froma master in the traditional way and how he has now become a master himself. Themethods and ideology displayed by Wang demonstrate how he is able to take asingle traditional calligraphic character and ‘explode’ it onto a sheet ofpaper. The gestures are bold and expressive, the brush marks vigorous and assured.It takes great technical skill to achieve this result. However, what is mostinteresting in Wang’s work is the application of an ‘individualistic’ western sensibilityto these traditional Chinese techniques. By applying the ideas and forms of 20thcentury western painters to eastern traditional calligraphy Wang brings twoideas into focus – firstly that calligraphic characters are in fact abstractsymbols in themselves, and secondly that painting can be an expression ofindividual emotion.
因此,在王文的作品中,可以看到的同时也是最美妙地表达是,他以更大的个性和创造力进行绘画,同时仍保持与东方古代传统和实践间的牢固联系的渴望。在这样做的过程中,他将过去的中国与二十一世纪的中国融合在一起——这是一个开放的、国际化、自信且勇敢的中国。
What is seen and what is mostbeautifully expressed therefore in Wang’s work is a desire to paint withgreater individuality and creativity whilst still maintaining firm links withthe traditions and practices of eastern antiquity. In doing this he ably fusesthe China of the past with a new China of the 21st century, onewhich is outward looking and international, confident and bold.
(文/罗伯特·普利兹曼Robert Priseman,艺术家、作家、策展人,英国当代绘画协会主席)
作品欣赏
《花》,装置。船锚、浮漂、鹅卵石、捕捞机械、网、麻袋。尺寸可变,2023年
《花》(局部)
《106》,装置。布面丙烯、宣纸、毛毡、字帖、桌椅、结构胶,尺寸可变,2022年
《106》(作品局部)
《山水》,装置。布面丙烯;水墨;宣纸;毛笔;瓷盘;100x150x3,尺寸可变,2023年
《山水》(局部)
《消逝的风景》,80x80cm,布面丙烯,2023
《Empty NO1》纸本水墨,50x50cm,2019
《Empty NO2》纸本水墨,50x50cm, 2019
《Empty NO3》纸本水墨,50x50cm, 2019
《FIERCE》,80x80cm,丙烯;墨;纸,2017
《FLY》,80x80cm,丙烯;墨;纸,2017
《RAISE》,80x80cm,丙烯;墨;纸,2017
《FULL》,布面丙烯;水墨,100x150cm,2022
《尘埃 NO1》,120x100cm,丙烯;结构胶;纸,2018
《尘埃 NO2》,120x100cm,丙烯;结构胶;;墨;纸;钢钉,2018
《微茫万象》,100x80cm,丙烯;结构胶;纸,2017
艺术家简介
王文,1985年出生于山东省烟台市,2010年毕业于西安美术学院现代设计艺术研究专业,获硕士学位。现为中国油画学会会员、山东省青年美术家协会理事、烟台油画学会副主席、烟台市美协当代艺术委员会副主任。英国当代绘画协会顾问、英国文化教育协会“中英艺术人才项目”选派艺术家、英国第一地点当代艺术馆(FIRSTSITE)驻馆策展人。现生活工作于烟台。
作为艺术家,王文的架上创作主要关注于书法的语言和观念,他将无以名状的线条与抽象的字体用来表达复杂而丰富的思想状态,把时间和空间的观念综合表现为一种抽象的精神,流露出对抽象视觉语言的嬗变和深化。王文的装置艺术通过融合环境、传统与当下,通过批判性的语言,创造性的将观者置于时间与空间的转换中,进而传递出一种自身的由内而外的状态,引发观者对于传统文化以及所处环境的不断思考。
作为策展人,曾入选中国对外文化交流协会“艺术专业与管理人才”国际交流项目(英国)、国家艺术基金“丝路国际艺术策展项目”(德国)。策划的展览及相关活动入选文化和旅游部“全国美术馆优秀青年策展人扶持计划项目”“全国美术馆馆藏精品展出季项目”“全国美术馆优秀公共教育项目”“国家艺术基金传播交流推广资助项目”以及“山东省优秀对外交流项目”等。
近年个展:
2017,The Wall,英国埃塞克斯郡森蒂尼美术馆;
近年群展:
2024,研究与超越——第三届中国小幅油画作品展,北京八一美术馆、厦门中华儿女美术馆;
2023,研究与超越——第三届中国小幅油画作品展,诸暨市鸿一美术馆;
2023,温度——全国油画名家年度作品邀请展,烟台美术博物馆;
2023,新边界:烟台当代艺术展,烟台美术博物馆;
2023,青岛国际当代艺术双年展,青岛纺织谷1902美术馆;
2022,共生世界:2022济南国际双年展平行展——新生代:中青年实验艺术邀请展, 济南美育谷;
2022,十三点:烟台当代艺术展,烟台城市美术馆;
2021,约翰·莫尔绘画奖(中国)十周年巡回展,烟台美术博物馆;
2020,普利兹曼·西布鲁克收藏展,罗马尼亚国家美术馆;
2020,来自中国的当代艺术,英国诺丁汉大学美术馆;
2020,与COVID-19的一天,英国伦敦ONLINE GALLERY;
2020,东亚国际艺术邀请展,烟台城市美术馆;
2019,理想的边界——中英当代艺术展,英国萨福克大学美术馆、英国大雅茅斯源美术馆;
2018,约翰·莫尔绘画奖(中国)作品展,上海民生现代美术馆;
2018,中国当代纸本绘画展,英国埃塞克斯大学艺术中心;
2018,ART烟台——中英当代艺术双年展,烟台美术博物馆;
2018,纪念改革开放四十周年美术作品展,陕西省美术博物馆;
2016,山东(国际)当代艺术展,济南美术馆。